Climate Hazards

Temperature, rainfall, sea level rise, and extreme weather projections for Dar es Salaam

Temperature

28.1°C

+1.6°C from baseline

Annual Rainfall

1,166 mm

+6.0% change

Sea Level Rise

+24 cm

By 2050 (SSP2-4.5)

Extreme Heat Days

38 days

>35°C per year

Temperature Projections (°C)

Mean annual temperature under different scenarios

Source: CMIP6/CORDEX-Africa

Rainfall Projections (mm/year)

Annual precipitation changes

Sea Level Rise (cm)

Relative to 2020 baseline

Extreme Heat Days Projection

Days per year exceeding 35°C

Flood Hazard by Return Period

Intensity and impact for different flood frequencies

Return PeriodRainfall IntensityAffected AreaAffected PopulationAnnual Probability
10-year150 mm/day45 km²320,00010%
50-year220 mm/day85 km²580,0002%
100-year280 mm/day120 km²820,0001%

Other Climate Hazards

sea level_rise

Projected sea level rise by 2100 under SSP2-4.5

Intensity: 50 cm
Affected: 210,000 people
Probability: 95%

heat stress

Extreme heat days increasing significantly

Intensity: 38 °C
Affected: 5,383,728 people
Probability: 80%

coastal erosion

Ongoing coastal erosion along shoreline

Intensity: 4 m/year
Affected: 45,000 people
Probability: 90%

storm surge

25-year return period storm surge

Intensity: 2.5 m
Affected: 175,000 people
Probability: 4%

Data Sources

  • • Temperature & Rainfall: CMIP6/CORDEX-Africa regional climate models
  • • Sea Level Rise: IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6)
  • • Extreme Heat Days: CMIP6 ensemble projections
  • • Flood Hazard: Historical analysis and hydrological modeling